Most people have experienced 'Heartburn' or Acid Reflux at some stage - usually after a rich meal or heavy drinking session, with symptoms mainly being a burning feeling behind the breastbone.

In instances of repeated reflux, oesophagitis (Gastro Oesophageal Reflux Disease), may occur. This is inflammation of the lining of the oesophagus, and is experienced as a repeated painful, burning feeling in the upper abdomen or chest. The acid may even reach the throat and mouth, producing a sour taste and burning sensation.

What Causes Acid Reflux

The oesophagus is the muscular tube that transports food to the stomach. Acid reflux occurs when the acidic contents of the stomach flow back into the oesophagus. It is usually prevented by a muscular ring, known as the lower oesophageal sphincter and occurs when this becomes relaxed. Although the symptoms are often called 'heartburn', acid reflux actually has nothing to do with the heart and should not be confused with Angina, which is a cardiac problem needing medical attention.

Activities that can cause Acid Relfux

Apart from eating heavy meals, acid reflux may also at times be brought on by bending and lifting. Acid reflux may also be caused by pregnancy or hiatus hernia.

Treatments for Acid Reflux

Perhaps the most common treatments for acid reflux that occurs on an occassional basis are Antacids - which in most countries may be bought over the counter. A natural alternative to these are herbal remedies for acid reflux, of which the most common are chamomile, peppermint, and ginger. All of these herbs are known to relieve indigestion, and also soothe any irritation in the intestines. If these don't work then anti-histamines might be appropriate, e.g. cimetidine tablets: as histamine receptors are present in stomach lining cells, and when histamine binds to these receptors, the cells in the stomach lining produce acid, to aid digestion. Cimetidine binds to these receptors instead, thus reducing acid formation. These drugs are to be used cautiously as they may hide symptoms of stomach cancer - and should not be used in cases of poor kidney function. If histamine receptor-blockers don't work proton pump inhibitors might be appropriate. In a few cases keyhole surgery may be necessary, to strengthen the oesophageal sphincter.

Dietary and Lifestyle Factors

* Firstly avoid smoking and alcohol, coffee and spicy food.

* If overweight, follow a healthy low-fat, high complex carbohydrate regime and exercise since weight loss may help.

* Add fibre to your diet to help alleviate or avoid constipation, as straining from constipation weakens the hiatus (the opening between diaphragm and oesophagus).

* Avoid bedtime eating - after 7pm is often recommended.

* Try Raising pillows for sleeping or use a specialist Acid Reflux inhibitor pillow.

* Also meditation can help ease stress which may be a contributing factor.

As with most medical conditions early detection and appropriate treatment of the symptoms of acid reflux are beneficial - it is important to act quickly, as acid reflux can become severe and lead to complications if it is left untreated.