There is no known cure for lymphedema. This condition, which is characterized by swelling in the limbs caused by blockages in the lymphatic system, can be either congenital or acquired. In the US lymphedema is commonly associated with cancer, although it is not a side affect of the cancer but rather of the radiation treatment used to treat the cancer. Lymphedema occurs most frequently in women, and it is a progressive condition, meaning that it is irreversible and gets worse with time.

Though lymphedema itself is not fatal, it can make a person vulnerable to serious infections. Even a minor scrape on the affected area can lead to something called lymphangitis, an inflammation of the lymphatic channels, which can be deadly. Others suffer from a condition known as lymphorrhea, in which lymphatic fluid leaks through blisters that have formed on the skin. Even without these complications, the persistent swelling and physical deformity can reduce the mobility of a person suffering from lymphedema and serve as a painful remind of a past or ongoing illness.

Though there is no medical cure for lymphedema, there are a series of treatments that can help reduce symptoms and prevent the disease from worsening. Microsurgery involves connecting lymphatic vessels to blood vessels, although this can cause scarring over time. Pneumatic pumps can sometimes be used to direct excess lymphatic fluid away from the swollen area. The most successful form of treatment uses a combination of massage and physical exercise. This method is known as complete decongestive physiotherapy, or CDP. Lymphatic fluid is manually drained using massage and then the affected area is wrapped tightly with compression bandaging to prevent the fluid from returning.

In addition, people with mild symptoms of lymphedema (or who are at risk for acquiring lymphedema) can help reduce/prevent symptoms by following simple guidelines at home. People with lymphedema should clean the swollen limb regularly. They should not cross their legs, shave the swollen limb (unless using an electric razor), cut their cuticles or wear a purse on the affected arm. If the leg or foot is swollen it is important to wear proper footwear at all times.

Do not go barefoot or wear open-toed shoes as even small cuts and bruises can be dangerous and lead to infection. Shoes should not constrict the foot (ample toe-space is important) and should be adjustable so that they can accommodate various levels of swelling. It is common to require different sized shoes for each foot in order to ensure that neither foot is unnecessarily constricted.