The term "weapon of mass destruction" has been used a lot in the last ten years. Part of the attention they have garnered recently has been due to the fact that is increasingly easy for rogue sects to maintain the kind of firepower once reserved for large nations. These developments have pushed the United States Government forward in their research on weapon detection.
Today, the National Security Agency, Homeland Security, and even local police departments have the technology to detect and test weapons of mass destruction. This brand new technology is constantly updated and finding weapons has become easier than ever.
What are Weapons of Mass Destruction?
Though the term may be used frequently, few people are aware of what weapons other than nuclear devices are considered weapons of mass destruction. United State law defines them as "any explosive, incendiary, poison gas, bomb, grenade, or rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces (113 g), missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-quarter ounce (7 g), or mine or device similar to the above." These may release "poison gas, ...a disease organism, [or] ...radiation at a level dangerous to human life."
They are classified according to the following categories:
- Chemical
- Biological
- Radiological
- Nuclear
- Explosive
Techniques for Finding These Weapons
Under the definition of weapons of mass destruction agreed upon by Congress, almost any medium to large incendiary could fall under this term. Since violence by rogue groups has become more pervasive, inspectors and professionals at home and abroad are trained to study suspicious devices and determine whether they could be one of these weapons.
The reason for detection technology is a very practical one. As soon as agencies determine the danger of the device, they can start planning an evacuation. Similarly, being able to quickly determine a false threat can cut down on public hysteria.
Because missiles are often used to launch explosives into an area, detection of airborne attack has been a top priority of the government. Today sophisticated unmanned drones patrol the skies and gather photos and data of possible launching sites. These small robots are aided in their task by satellites that constantly monitor areas of interest. Even underground bunkers and chemical storage facilities can be found using radar that penetrates the ground.
Identifying a non-descript package planted in a public place needs to be done quickly, so there are may devices used by government officials that test for hazardous materials. A Dual-Use Analyzer measures the eddy waves given off by metals. Currents that are common to alloys used in making weapons are automatically highlighted by a computer analysis. This is useful for recognizing weapons that may be hidden inside something innocuous. The advances use of lasers and ultra-violet light can identify invisible gas cloud from miles away, making it unnecessary to send humans into a poisonous environment. United Nations inspectors even employ advanced portable machines that can detect radioactive materials with more efficiency than a Geiger counter.
Testing Chemical Weapons
Foreign chemical compounds places in water or other resources can be effectively tested using many of the same techniques learned in high school chemistry. Officials use reactive test strips to check for reactions. If the initial test is inconclusive or positive, then is further tested. Many local agencies have the tools to test for chemical agents so they may quickly respond to contaminations.
Testing for Biological Weapons
Biological weapons are difficult to identify, because they use microscopic bacteria of which symptoms may not be immediately apparent. Mass spectroscopy using lasers and ionization can now be used to automatically find proteins in a given sample. Analysis of the proteins present can be alert the inspector to the presence of common bioterrorism agents like anthrax.
Handheld Advanced Nucleic Acid Analyzers are carried by United Nations weapons inspectors. This brick-sized machine can analyze the genetic material of bacteria and discern it from other common microorganisms. This process used to take a whole lab of equipment.
Other Uses
Many of the same devices that are used to enforce United Nations rules and protect citizens are also put to work by United States solders each day. The same drones that can approach suspected weapons when it is unsafe for humans are hard at work checking vehicles for IEDs while on patrol in Iraq.
As the weapons technology develops, so does the science that keeps us safe. The last decade has seen an enormous leap forward in the techniques for finding weapons. Inspectors and other government employees continue to strive to find better ways to single out the weapons and save lives.
Weapons Of Mass Destructions
A well informed source in the Israeli intelligence community, who cannot be identified, says the Israeli air force raids, following the July 12 Hezbollah attack on an IDF border patrol, were aimed first of all at "Hezbollah's strategic weapons' secret locations." The source added that this initial goal did not include "ordinary" short and medium range rockets but was specifically aimed against the heavier weapon systems supplied by Iran with the Zalzal rockets topping the list. "Our first aim was to neutralize the heavy ones and their launching systems since we had solid information the Hezbollah had a plan to use chemical war heads.
Information the Israeli intelligence had regarding chemical weapons in Hezbollah hands was validated by friendly intelligence organizations, including a recent DIA memo. The source also said the Iranian manufacturers together with their Syrian allies toyed with the idea of "testing" their CW by letting the Hezbollah launch them on a limited scale while they would remain in the shadows in an attempt to wash their hands of such an attack when, as could be expected, the world community would react with an outcry of fierce criticism. The Iranian CW program centered at Damgahn, some 300 kilometers east of Tehran, manufactures an estimated 1,000 tons a year of various chemical nerve agents.
The Syrians pushed for at least preparing a strategic arsenal to be used if Israel would move on to destroy Hezbollah strongholds, assessing that this time, due to the suddenness of events, the Israeli population would not be properly prepared for that kind of attack. As events unfolded, the Israeli intelligence learned that Sheikh Hassan Nasarallah, who was in Damascus just a few days prior to the July 12 attack, had raised some concerns over the possibility of a massive Israeli reaction if he gave the order to go ahead with the abduction plan.
His Syrian liaison officers and representatives of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards' al-Quds Force told him he could then retaliate by launching a chemical war head. They assessed it would be highly effective because the Israeli population would not have been put on high alert as was done during the two Iraq wars when anti-gas attack kits were distributed across the country, and homes, offices and air raid shelters, were sealed with special nylon sheets.
However, when the hostilities erupted the first move Israel undertook was a massive air raid to first and foremost destroy every target which was part of the Zalzal Project. Thus Nasarallah's gamble he could wreak a catastrophic CW blow on Israel was shattered before he had a chance to carry it out.
The air raids were planned in several stages. The first and most vital incursion was to destroy all Zalzal depots, which soon enough were proven highly successful. The second crucial stage came with the total destruction of what became known as the Hezbollah high rise enclave in south Beirut and where their offices and communication centers were situated.
The prime purpose in this instance was to destroy Hezbollah's so-called scientific wing facilities and not, as was widely believed, to catch Sheikh Nasarallah or even anyone of his skilled scientific workforce who have widespread links to Shiite students and teachers in colleges throughout Europe and the U.S., but first and foremost to Iranian WMD experts often housed in these buildings where they had special guest apartments for visiting experts.
Equipment seized by IDF ground forces in small Lebanese towns such as Maise-e-Jabel, where sophisticated listening and monitoring devices were captured, as well as documents revealing that some monitoring devices were programmed to shadow Israeli hospitals and the army's medical corps evacuation network, could have enabled Hezbollah to follow-up on the nature of damages caused. Obviously they were hoping to learn about the overall affect of the chemical warheads as well had they been launched. The discoveries in Maise-e-Jabel left no doubt that the air force had to go on several more rounds to utterly destroy Hezbollah's enclave in Beirut.
The use of Chinese made radar guided C-802 cruise missiles became possible on the fourth day of the fighting when both Iran and Syria agreed the flare-up was a good opportunity to test them. A convoy of Syrian military trucks carrying the system entered Lebanon through Tellkalakh and the Tripoli highway in the north, and Iranian operators arrived directly from Tehran with their Hezbollah trainees to carry out the launch of three such missiles. One of them hit an Israeli missile boat; the others sank two freighters, an Egyptian one and a Cambodian one.
This system is too massive to be smuggled through mountain passages and therefore every bridge, every road and every road junction going from Syria into Lebanon had to be immediately destroyed following the first unanticipated cruise missile attack.
A number of commando raids into the Beqaa Valley were designed to detect and destroy chemical warhead storages. Unsurprisingly such finds, whether verified or not, were not made public. However, Hezbollah militiamen sealed off the entire vicinity after the last raid on Boudai, clearly indicating they were worried over some sort of possible leakages. The same precautions were undertaken in south Beirut where Hezbollah fighters prevented free access to their destroyed enclave.
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According to the intelligence source it is assumed Hezbollah will attempt in the future to proceed with two basic options as envisioned by the Revolutionary Guards and President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in Tehran. The first would be to launch various types of rockets, including modified Zalzals from aboard medium sized boats or freighters in the Mediterranean. Their success in hitting targets some 75 to 85 kilometers from their launch sites into northern Israel suggests they could, in theory, also launch a rocket from the sea to hit the heavily populated urban area around Tel Aviv. This type of a naval terror attack is an idea al-Qaeda too is known to have been toying with and is a significant threat to Europe and North America as well.
Another preference was to improve the scheme of aerial suicide bombers, al-Qaeda style, by establishing an "air wing" which could "sneak in without the warning sign emitted by a hijacked plane." Already in 2004 Iran equipped the Hezbollah with UAVs of the type Mirsad-1 and the Ababil outfitted with cameras and GPS systems as part of an overall guidance structure monitored by wireless radio and telephone systems all the way from Tehran, just like the U.S. Air Force and the CIA handle UAVs armed with Hellfire missiles from a base in Colorado.
The IDF shared its findings with the U.S. which regards this information as vital for U.S. national security, and because of the importance to show jihadists that their systems, even when highly sophisticated, can and will be destroyed with or without heavy collateral damage. When Sheikh Nasarallah boasted towards the end of the campaign that within hours he would destroy Haifa, and when realizing the Hezbollah and their handlers were ready to take their campaign all the way, Israel had no choice but to react aggressively with an all out assault up and down and across the width of Lebanon to safeguard the lives of hundreds of thousands. Thus Nasarallah's Zalzal depots, his planning offices, communication systems and even vital land routes, had to be totally destroyed by the Israeli air force, navy and commandos.
Both Trbrian Jenkins & Yoram I. East are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.
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