It is a proxy server that stands as a forwarding service for you when you are surfing. If you ask for a web page, file, video, connection, etc. it will get it for you. If you want to upload a file, send a message, etc. it will forward it for you. It is “transparent" because it doesn’t hide what it’s doing. It tells the web server: “Hello, I’m acting as proxy for so-so [your IP address here], so please give me the data so I can forward it back to them."
What use is a transparent proxy?
A transparent proxy is useful for caching popular web content. Your browser may already be configured to cache your most frequently visited websites. But a transparent proxy can go further by caching not only the content you’ve gotten before, but also the data other users on that proxy have accessed before as well.
What use is caching popular web content?
It eases Internet traffic and makes the work easier for the servers. Picture this: There is a road that all delivery trucks use to be able to deliver chocolate drinks to your area everyday. Now instead of ordering chocolate drinks from far off and having the trucks deliver them all the time, how about making the drinks a nearby factory using the exact same recipe? It would let you get the goods faster, and it would also free up the road and give the trucks less work to do. That’s what a transparent proxy does. It caches popular web content in its cache so there’s no need to use the information highway (outside Internet) unless necessary.
How does a transparent proxy work?
Every time you make a request for data, the proxy will check its cache first to see if the same content is already there. If it is popular among other users on the proxy, it will probably be there. If it is, the transparent proxy will get the file from the cache and send it to you right away; it won’t have to travel to the original website for the file. If it’s not cached, the proxy will get the file from the original website, and then cache it for future use. The administrator of the proxy server will decide, through configuration, how long to keep a file on cache.
What about web content that always has to be fresh?
A transparent proxy can tell what types of data can be safely stored and what needs to be changed every time. For example, a news website like CNN must always be checked for new content. But static content like banners, buttons and CSS style sheets can be safely stored.