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There's very little history to be found as to the origins of the coat rack and no one is quite sure who invented it, but it is widely believed that Thomas Jefferson (yes, author of the Constitution and the United States' third President, as well as the person responsible for the Louisiana Purchase) invented the first coat hanger, which the coat rack predates. (It's thought, at least, that the popular wire hanger was invented in 1903 by a Mr. Albert J. Parkhouse because there were too few coat hooks on the coat rack available for his employees' coats.) Considering that Lewis and Clark embarked upon their expedition while Mr. Jefferson was President, it is certain that the coat rack existed as a tool well before they reached the Pacific Ocean.
We don't know who invented the coat rack, but historically, it has been a very handy option, since before the turn of last century, most houses were built with limited closet space. Clothes were usually stored in trunks, and coat racks were made for use of for hanging clothes. Armoires were also often used, but were a much more ornate and heavier option than were easy to move wall model coat racks and freestanding coat racks. They were also much more expensive and took up much more space.
Because of their ease of use and versatility, coat racks are making a comeback. They are ideal for small spaces, such as the studio apartment, and are much more versatile than built-in closets. They are also a much more inexpensive option, since the logistical and financial considerations of installing closets can be many, especially in older houses that traditionally do not have them. It's a relatively simple matter to install a wall coat rack, since all you need is readily available wall space. No additional floor space is required.
Freestanding coat racks offer the option of inexpensive storage with easy mobility, and you can change locations as often as you need to. Although they take up more space than wall coat racks, they do not require that you be handy with tools. However, if you're not handy with tools but you want something that will not take up additional floor space, look for coat racks specifically designed to hang over the backs of doors. This will provide you additional storage without either having to install a wall coat rack or use a valuable floor space to utilize our freestanding coat rack.