Almost everyone knows that a stun gun discharges an electrical current, but how does that subdue a person? First we must consider that the human body uses an electrical system for communication from the brain to muscles, from senses such as touch, taste and sight to the brain. The nervous system uses an electrical impulse to travel from the brain down the nerve and to the muscle that the brain is telling to move, contract or lengthen. Basically the stun gun disrupts this communication system.

Stun guns operate on a high voltage low amperage charge. When a stun gun is discharged into a body it acts to overload the nervous system with excessive electricity traveling through the nerves and muscles. In general the brain has trouble deciphering the messages being sent and is unable to clearly communicate with the muscles. This often causes temporary paralysis, or overt fatigue. The charge is considered non-lethal and is not powerful enough to damage the attacker's body unless applied for an extended period of time.

Stun guns come in several different styles. Some are even disguised as flashlights or cell phones. Typically they run on ordinary 9 volt alkaline batteries. Stun guns come in many different voltages as well. They can range from 100,000 volts to 950,000 or more volts. For an idea of electrical strength an 800,000 volt stun gun might generate 5-8 milliamps depending on the freshness of the battery. In general, the higher the voltage the quicker the effects of the stun gun will be felt. Other factors such as the size of the attacker, the amperage of the stun gun, and how long it is held on the attacker can figure into how quickly a stun gun can disable a person. Half a second should startle an attacker while one or two seconds should daze him and induce muscle spasms. Three seconds should make an attacker unbalanced with loss of muscle control.

Stun guns can be fired multiple times if the batteries are fresh. This gives protection against more than one attacker. Stun guns should be considered as a good source of personal protection.

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