Even if you don't know a single word of German, you can probably read and understand the following German text. Did you know that English and German descended from the same language? (Proto-Germanic) Many words in both languages are the same or similar. Winter kommt im November. Sommer kommt im Juni. Die Toilette ist beige. Das Papier ist weiß. Meine Hand hat zehn Finger. Mein Arm ist gebrochen. Wir haben eine Party! Bring den Salat hier! Der Mann tanzt und singt. Der Wind ist eisig. Die Tomate ist reif. Das kostet 5 Dollar. Komm hier! Er hat Hunger und Durst. Der Film beginnt um 8. Sie fotografiert die Familie. How did it Go? Maybe you didn't understand the German text completely. Read it a second - and then a third time. If you are observant, you will notice a few details: German usually uses a 'K' instead of a hard 'C': Canada=Kanada, Monica=Monika. The English 'ph' often becomes 'f': telephone=Telefon. Nouns are capitalized: fruit=Frucht, milk=Milch, butter=Butter, sugar=Zucker. Possessives are not formed with an apostrophe + s: brother's=Bruders. The English 'sh' becomes 'sch': shines=scheint, shovels=schaufelt. Many words are exactly the same: Winter, November, Finger, Party, Wind, Hunger, Film. Now that you have a few hints, you can probably read the German text again and understand even more. Think of the words in context, and allow your mind to fill in the blanks. Related words, like the ones above, with common ancestral roots are called 'cognates'. There are many, many more than those presented here. Over the years, however, many words that used to mean the same thing in both languages have evolved and have acquired different connotations. For example, the old German word for 'wife' - 'Weib' is nowadays generally applied in a deprecating manner. It might be used in a phrase that means 'you crazy woman!' or in instances where an English person would say 'broad' or 'dame'. The German word 'Gift' does not mean 'gift' - it means 'poison'. The point that is being made here, however, is that you should actively search for similarities. Over time you will discover the exceptions. You will feel comfortable with the similarities and form a foundation on which you can build. The learning task then becomes less daunting - and even enjoyable. Over the centuries the world has become a melting pot of cultures and languages. Many words and phrases have crossed borders. Globalization - spurred by newspapers, radio, TV, the internet, and jet travel - has accelerated the process. We often use foreign-derived words without even realizing - angst, soup du jour, cafe au lait, poltergeist, bona fide, carte blanche, nom de plume, savoir-faire . . . Every time you come to a new text passage, scan it to find what you already know (or can guess) for a general sense of what it means. Then tackle the unknown parts. Your learning will progress more quickly as a result. ?Copyright Kathy Steinemann: This article is free to publish only if this copyright notice, the byline, and the author's note below (with active links) are included. |
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