Temporal Arteritis is an autoimmune disease (in its own body) of unknown aetiology, which courses with headache (especially in the elderly); usually affects the superficial temporal artery (artery that passes in the temples), but is related to other arteries. Arteries of medium caliber suffer an amendment inflammatory, with deposition of cells called "giant" and lymphocytes (specialized cells of our immune system), with narrowing of the artery of the light, resulting in distal ischemia (lack of movement) and stimulation of fibre painful.

There are many different causes of the common headache. These causes include, but are not limited to, meningitis, glaucoma, temporal arteritis and brain tumor. There are very few illnesses that never show headache as a symptom. A high fever can also cause headache, as well as irritability and aggression. Headaches often occur after suffering a head injury, violent coughing, sneezing, or straining and (most commonly in males) occur after sex.

Secondary headaches are also considered as side effects of various disorders like a recent head injury, meningitis, sinus infection, brain tumor, eye diseases, spinal injury, arthritis, and the inflammation of the arteries or temporal arteritis.

Two secondary forms of CDH deserve special mention--giant cell arteritis and medication overuse headaches. Giant cell arteritis (previously called temporal arteritis) occurs in people who are at least 50 years old and becomes more common in subsequent decades of life. It involves inflammation of larger-diameter arteries supplying blood to the brain and the rest of the head and, untreated, can lead to stroke or blindness.

But when the headache becomes worse, make sure that you visit your health care provider because it can also be an indication of more serious illnesses like meningitis or the inflammation of the meninges or membrane around a person's brain; sub-arachnoid haemorrhage due a bleeding in the space between the brain and the arachnoid layer of the meninges, stroke, blood pressure, brain tumor, and temporal arteritis due to the inflammation of the arteries in the scalp.

Finally, a potentially serious type of headache can occur as a result of giant cell arteritis (GCA). This is also known as temporal arteritis. GCA is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of blood vessels, particularly the ones in the head. Typically a patient will have pain in the temples, tenderness of the scalp, and pain in the jaw with chewing.

Other causes include migraine, sinusitis, fevers, glaucoma, and neuralgia. Other serious causes of headache may include meningitis, sub-arachnoid haemorrhage, stroke, blood pressure, brain tumor, and temporal arteritis.

The disorder may occur alone or with other disorders such as temporal arteritis. Also called angiitis, vasculitis causes changes in the walls of your blood vessels, such as thickening, weakening, narrowing and scarring. The disorder may be localized to the skin, or it may manifest in other organs.

Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) is a disease that leads to inflammation of tendons, muscles, ligaments, and tissues around the joints. It presents with large muscle pain, aching, morning stiffness, fatigue, and in some cases, fever.

Temporal arteritis Causes the arteries in the temple area of the forehead to become swollen. It can begin with a severe headache, pain when chewing, and tenderness in the temple area. It may be followed in a few weeks by sudden vision loss.