The opportunity to find, gain and hold employment without discrimination due to disability, color, nationality, race, religion, marital status, sexual preference, gender, or age is one of our recognized civil rights in America. These rights have been enshrined under our fundamental law and have bearings especially in matters of employment, and equally apply to any human endeavor in our society.
From the list of possible discriminatory factors, disability discrimination appears to be one on the top, where violations are vast and disturbing. This impartial treatment among the disabled sector usually happens in workplaces, whether in matters of hiring, promotion, or firing of employees.
It is apparent in our jurisdiction that numerous laws, state and federal, has been implemented to address these concerns, but the hard thing is, disability discrimination, or workplace discrimination in general is still prevalent.
As a concerned American, I extend my sympathy to the disabled sector, particularly in their situations in the employment world. The way I see things, we really failed to remove some of the barriers that prevent people with disabilities from achieving self-sufficiency and participating more fully in our society. This were but, a hard reality that we shall deal with, more closely.
Having this system and scenario, the disabled sector has no other recourse but to dance with the system and be in defensive stance in reference to their employment rights. This I say, that the disabled minority should learn their rights, statewide or federal, in employment. This is all necessary for them, especially given the scenario and their situations.
For this campaign, it would be worthwhile to dwell on the topic of disability discrimination in the workplace, a sort of legal guide, in the guise of this article.
Disability Discrimination Legal guidance
First, it would be best to know what relates to the term disability discrimination, especially in matters of its definition, coverage, as well as the primary law (ADA of 1990) sanctioning it.
Disability Discrimination
There are varying definitions that relate with the term disability discrimination. Generally, the term is defined as the unlawful and intentional act of unfair treatment of a person with disability.
For an accurate account of the term, let us dig an important law that sanctioned disability discrimination, which is, the American with Disabilities Act (ADA). For purposes of ADA, a person has a disability if he or she has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities. Disability, as defined in ADA, does not cover people with temporary disabilities, minor illnesses or active drug users or alcoholics.
ADA prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment and public services, public and private transportation, public accommodations and telecommunication services.
Elements for action against disability discrimination under ADA
To mold a proper case for disability discrimination, the proof and exhibition of the following basic elements are necessary:
?An employee must be disabled, regarded as disabled, or have a record of being disabled
?Showing that the disability results in physical limitations
?Showing that performance of the essential functions of the job can still be carried out (with or without reasonable accommodations)
?That the employer took some adverse action (such as not hiring, firing, or demoting the employee) based on that disability
Defensive move
People with disability should take the defensive stance in dealing with their predicaments. One of the best moves to do this is to contact a Disability Discrimination Attorney when discriminatory actuations are readily apparent. The attorney will help you determine if the discrimination you are suffering is illegal, help you determine your legal options, and help you assert your legal rights under the law.
Disability Discrimination In The Workplace
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 prohibits private companies, state and local governments, employment agencies, and labor unions from disqualifying people with disabilities (PWDs) from seeking employment, promotion, salary increase, as well as other benefits of employment. This law applies to businesses with more than fifteen employees.
A person is considered disable if he satisfies any of the following conditions:
• a physical or mental defect that considerably limits his ability to perform some major functions
• he has a history of certain impairments or condition
Disabled individuals who can perform the important functions needed for a job in the absence or presence of reasonable accommodation are protected by the American Disabilities Act.
Reasonable accommodation can involve, but not limited to, any of the following:
• Making current infrastructure utilized by employees available to handicapped individuals
• Job modification, revision of work schedule, transferring to an open position
• Acquisition or modification of equipments or devices, moving or revising examinations, training equipments or guidelines, and training materials, or policies, and providing credible readers or interpreters
Reasonable accommodations are a necessity that should be provided to a qualified disabled applicant if it would not create “undue hardship” to jeopardize the normal operation of an employer's business.
Undue hardship refers to “an action that requires inconvenience or cost in the face of aspects such as company size, financial capacity, and the nature and organization of operation”.
There is no need to reduce quality or output standards to implement reasonable accommodation. For example, an employer need not make personal items like glasses or hearing aids available to their employees.
Under the ADA, handicapped workers have the following benefits:
1. The ADA provides that employers need not inquire about the presence, nature, or extent of impairment. Instead, the job aspirant should be asked about their capacity to do certain job tasks. Job offers should be made upon evaluation of medical records but only if such examination is needed for aspirants in similar jobs which should be related to the job and to the needs of the company.
2. The American Disabilities Act does not provide coverage and protection to job aspirants who are under the influence of prohibited drugs if the employer reacts on the use of these substances. Tests for prohibited drugs are not covered by the ADA, thus employers may subject users of illegal drugs to the same performance criteria like other employees.
Moreover, the ADA does not tolerate employers who get back at their employees for opposing activities that discriminate disabled employees or for launching a claim, acting as witness, or taking part in an investigation, proceeding, or trial.
In 2007, the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission (EEOC) received 17,734 cases involving disability discrimination. A year before that, 15,708 cases were solved and a total of $54.4 million worth of benefits for the defendant and other victims were awarded, excluding the money obtained from trial.
If you are being persecuted by your employer or co-employees because of your condition, you can file a complaint with the help of disability discrimination lawyers.
Both Claysphere Rivera & Melvin Magadia are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.