If you believe yourself to be pregnant and are interested in using a test to determine the results factually, know that the tests sold over the counter that use urine to detect the pregnancy hormone are incredibly effective. Unlike in days gone by when the only reliable way to determine whether you are indeed pregnant was to visit your primary health care provider's office, these home tests allow you to determine whether or not you need to see a provider. Keep in mind that if you test positive for any type of home pregnancy test, you should be sure to immediately schedule an appointment with your primary health care provider. This is essential due to complications like an ectopic tubal pregnancies, where the egg lodges in the Fallopian tube and can cause a great deal of pain and medical issues if left untreated. A test will still determine that you are pregnant, although the pregnancy may not be normal or necessarily healthy.
There are two main types of pregnancy tests, those that use urine and those that use blood. Both tests are designed to detect the hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin. Commonly known as hCG, this hormone is produced when the placenta begins to develop once the embryo successfully attaches to the uterine lining. Although blood tests tend to have less false readings, the presence of this hCG hormone can easily be found in a urine based test. Generally, doctors will perform a blood test in order to determine whether or not you are pregnant. In addition to testing for the presence of hCG, a doctor may wish to run another panel to determine your overall health and levels of vitamins or nutrients. This will provide your physician with a base line for which to prescribe prenatal vitamins and medications that will ensure both mother and child are kept healthy.
If you purchase a urine based pregnancy test, there are two main options available. The first option sees the woman urinating in a cup and then inserting a special stick into the cup for a given period of time. This test generally has more accurate results since the instructions are more likely to be followed. Usually, if you visit a clinic and they issues you a urine based test, this is the type of test that you will receive. However, the most popular method of pregnancy tests available over the counter are those that require the woman to hold a special stick in a stream of urine for a certain amount of time. These tests tend to be the most popular since there is less mess and clean up required in this method. There are even versions of this test that can detect the hCG pregnancy hormone almost immediately after the embryo has implanted in the uterine wall.
For those individuals who are far too anxious to receive the news than the necessary waiting period required for even the earliest versions of the urine tests, a blood test should be used. Blood tests can be administered up to seven days after a possible conception, so they are a favorite among couples that are experiencing infertility problems. Furthermore, a blood test can more accurately measure the level of hCG found in a woman's body so that potential problems or complications with the pregnancy can be immediately identified. However, keep in mind that you must visit a doctor's office in order to have a blood test to determine whether or not you are pregnant. This will often cause you to incur costs associated with the visit and the testing fees. If money is a concern, many women's clinics provide pregnancy testing for a minimal cost.
Different Types Of Test
In the doctor's office or a lab urinalysis (U/A) can be done. In the urine sample a dipstick is placed and up to ten different substances can be detected. Three important substances that show up positive during a bladder infection are: nitrite produced by bacteria, leukocyte esterase produced by white blood cells (immune cells) when the bacteria is attacked and sometimes blood appears during a bladder infection.
It takes a few minutes to do this test and depending on how strongly these substances show up, it can be interpreted in three ways: bladder infection unlikely when an infection is unlikely if the U/A is normal, bladder infection possible an infection may be present if one or two substances show up weak and bladder infection probable the probability of a bladder infection exists if two or three substances show up strong. It is possible that these substances may appear even when an infection is not present.
Microscopic urinalysis (U/A micro) is done only by a lab where under a microscope is examined a drop of urine. If an infection is present two things appear: white blood cells and bacteria that can be seen with a microscope. White blood cells can be missing or can be present in a small number in the urine. If a lot show up, the bacteria may be present. An infection could be even white blood cells or bacteria are not seen.
The most accurate test to determine for sure whether or not an infection is present is urine culture that is done only in a lab. The sample is put in an incubator and if bacteria is present in it, they will multiply and show up. The bacteria needs 24 to 48 hour to grow up enough to be detected. The results are different and they can be: no growth when bacteria doesn't appear in 48 hours and then the infection is not present, slight growth if a few bacteria grow, an infection can be, large growth when there are many of one type of bacteria grow the infection is present and contamination if several different types of bacteria show slight to large growth. In this case bacteria can exist but that can live on the skin and from mistake can arrive into the sample and in this case an infection is not real.
To interpret a contaminated sample can de difficult because if the sample was contaminated and an infection is present, the one type of bacteria that is causing the infection will be hidden by the contaminant bacteria that will overgrow. This infection will be treated or not by doctor depending on how suspicious he is. If the culture is contaminated and the U/A and micro are positive for infection only doctor can tell if an infection is present or not. In this case if the suspicion is low for infection the urine culture may be repeated for assurance.
If one type of bacteria grows in the culture, the bacteria will be exposed into the lab to a variety of antibiotics to see which ones the bacteria is sensitive too. Usually it takes one day after the culture is positive. This is important because it helps doctor to decide which antibiotic is best for the infection.
These tests are important because they help to detect infections. So a good treatment may be prescribed by doctors.
Both Donna Somerkin & Groshan Fabiola are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.
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