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History Of Computer Memory

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Computer memory is called Random Access Memory (RAM). The information stored in RAM can be accessed randomly, rather than sequentially. This means that data can be found in any location at the same rate of speed. Other storage media, such as CD-Rom and hard drives, must wait while the drive spins to the correct location before the data can be accessed.



Computer memory is simply a storage area for the program code and the data that program uses. Computer programs use RAM to write and retrieve information, allowing for fast data retrieval and manipulation.

How Much RAM is Enough?

Simply stated, the answer is, as much as possible. Keep in mind, though, once you've reached a certain upper limit, which is determined by the computer program(s) used, investment in more memory will see a diminished return.

Adding more memory is one of the best ways to maximize computer performance. If you compare 2 identical computer systems, the one with the most memory will over-all be the faster. More RAM allows the computer to place more program instructions into memory, relying less on the slower hard drive.

Think of 512 Megabytes (MB) as the base standard for a modern computer. With that you can multi-task (run several applications concurrently). For instance, you can check email and download MP3s, without noticeable sluggishness.

Some applications, however, are more memory-hungry than others. Graphics programs, for example, are notoriously greedy. Memory needs are further exagerated by the operating system used. Microsoft Windows is far more demanding than, say, Linux. Currently, most PCs use Windows, though.

Should you notice your computer slowing down, consider adding more memory. Before committing to that option, however, try de-fragmenting your hard drive with a utility (program) designed for that sole purpose. A fragmented hard drive is a common cause of stalled computer performance.

Types of RAM

Right now DDR SDRAM is the most popular memory module. DDR stands for Double Data Rate, which means that the memory can be accessed twice per clock-cycle. SDRAM, the acronym for Synchronous Data Random Access Memory, has been the standard for memory modules for nearly a decade.

To add memory to your computer, you must install modules with the correct contact layout. Before purchasing new memory, you must know which type your motherboard will accept. The most common form factors are 168 pin, 184 pin and 200 pin.

You'll also need to know whether there are slots available on your motherboard. If all the slots are already in use, you'll have to replace 1 or all of the current modules with higher capacity ones. If there is at least 1 free slot, you can simply buy a new memory module and insert it in the empty slot.

A word of caution: whereas some motherboards can accept either SDRAM or DDR SDRAM, the 2 types cannot be mixed. You must decide on 1 or the other. Check the motherboard manual first to determine which kind of memory your computer requires.

And finally, when you are ready to install your brand new memory module, make sure of 2 things: the power is off (for your safety) and you are electrically grounded (for your computer's safety).
History Of Computer Memory
The first magnetic core memory, developed in 1951, began the revolution of computer memory and the start of bigger and better personal computers. The development of static and dynamic RAM integrated circuits followed swiftly in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Compared to the relays and vacuum tubes used for computer memory function prior to the development of the magnetic core memory models, the advancement created a more user friendly experience as well as an increase in the amount of memory a computer could be expected to produce. This precursor to the common personal computer revolutionized the technological world since it made it possible to begin to see the advantages of the computer for personal use instead of being seen and used only in business operations.

The computer systems of today boast a hierarchy of memory that includes CPU registries, SRAM caches, external caches, DRAM, and swap space among others. This is often referred to as RAM, but it actually defies the original concept of true random access memory and does not hold the same intent as the original magnetic core memory from which RAM was born. The methods utilized by the pool of memory in today's computers often sequence through various subsystems with different access times in layered sequential order to allow the illusion of instantaneous response times. Generally, the computer accesses its memory in order of speed with the slower forms of memory being the last to be drawn from when a command is given to the computer.

RAM now has methods of upgrading that allow for even greater memory capacity if there is a need to change the amount of RAM a computer has based on the amount of RAM used by the operator on average, these are usually in the form of DRAM and come in the form of memory modules. A few sticks of chewing gum are comparable in size to the memory modules in terms of physical size. These modules can be replaced quickly in the case of damage or should the amount of memory need to be increased again at a later date. Small amounts of RAM, most commonly SRAM, are also found in other locations on the computer, such as the mother board or the hard drive.

Developers are currently investigating the possibility of non-volatile RAM. This would be another huge step in computer memory as these new forms of RAM would allow for the preservation of data upon the loss of power. Currently, RAM is a volatile memory form and will lose information if an interruption of power occurs. Carbon nanotubes offer promising results in this field of RAM development, but no non-volatile RAM has been released for public use yet. All of the developing technologies under this direction of RAM are pre-beta stage at present.

MRAM has seen some success with the release of several chips that have undergone extensive testing. The core technology of MRAM depends upon the concepts of the magnetic tunnel effect and is promising to turn the world of computer memory onto the pathway of the future as a result.

In 2004, Solid state drivers became available. Bases on flash technology, these drivers have a capacity exceeding 150 GB. These drivers also have speeds that far exceed the speed of traditional disks. In short, this means that the lines between RAM and disks have blurred and there is less difference between the two in performance.

With each passing year, memory capacity grows. New technologies revolutionize the way we think of computer memory and how we use that memory once it becomes available. It is expected that computer memory will only continue to increase and evolve as our world becomes more technologically advance.
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