For many of us, our computer has become a critical part of our life. We use them for working, entertainment and corresponding with people we know. Over the course of time, most people create a number of files that are important to them and would cost time, money or both if they were lost. Data backups are the most effective way to make sure you won't lose those important files.

Many people think of backups as something large companies or computer geeks do. Or they might plan on doing it when the get the chance. Every one of those people has either already lost data due to some kind of problem with their system or they will one day. Every piece of computer equipment has a lifespan and is going to fail one day or another.

When that failure occurs, one of two things will happen. If you have a backup, you'll restore it back onto your repaired computer or a replacement. If you don't, you'll be pulling your hair out over the lost files, music, digital photos and all the other stuff you store on your machine.

There are, unfortunately, an infinite variety of ways to lose data. Besides hardware failure, computers can be destroyed in fires or floods. Hard drives can be damaged by power surges caused by lightning strikes or data lost by a child randomly hitting the keyboard. Viruses can infect systems and erase hard drives.

But there's only one way to get it back - by having it available to be restored.

What Should You Be Backing Up?

In most cases you don't need to backup every single thing on your computer. It can take a lot of storage space, and take a long time to complete the backup. The critical files to backup are all the things you have created, such as word processing documents, digital photos and spreadsheets, and any software you can't reinstall from the original CD or DVD.

But backups need not.

The easiest way to backup your files is to use the software that comes with most operating systems. Windows includes one, as does Mac OS X, Linux and others. These programs are usually pretty straightforward and it's just a matter of selecting the files and folders you want to save. Many of them can even be scheduled to run in the middle of the night or some other time you're not using your computer.

For a modest sum backup software can be purchased that will only backup files changed since a certain date, or since the last backup. Alternatively, new files could be copied daily to a backup folder where they can be backed-up by your backup program. To ease the task of identifying which, use the Search option to list files 'newer than X'. Once the list is complete, copy them into the backup folder and run the program for just that folder.

Some data, such as e-mails are only slightly more difficult to protect. Some e-mail clients can be configured to keep copies of received and sent e-mails on the e-mail server. When that's not an option, most can export messages to a file, which can then be backed up.

You can backup your information to almost any kind of removable media - removable hard drives, writable CDs or DVDs or even the USB memory sticks that are so common these days. In a pinch you may even be able to fall back on the old floppy disk. Documents don't take a lot of space and often fit into a small storage area.

Having to run a backup every day may seem like a pain in the neck, but you'll be glad you made the time on the day your computer crashes and you need a file that got wiped out.