Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder that affects millions of Americans each year. Roughly three to five percent of children before the age of seven years old are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder causes those affected by the condition to be inattentive and disruptive to their environment around them with or without a component of hyperactivity. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is twice as likely to occur in boys than in girls. This condition is beginning to become a chronic problem because 30 to 50 percent of the children diagnosed with the condition still suffer from effects of the condition into their adulthood. Most people, as they mature, are able to develop coping mechanisms to compensate for the impairment.
The three most common symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and inattention. Impulsiveness is acting before thinking about possible consequences, jumping from one activity to another, disorganization and the tendency to interrupt other people's conversations. Hyperactivity is defined as restlessness, an inability to sit still, fidgeting, squirminess and a restless sleep. Inattention is defined as being easily distracted, day dreaming, not finishing their assigned work in school or at the office and having difficulty listening.
There are six conditions that are associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Those six conditions are oppositional defiant disorder, primary disorder of vigilance, mood disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. Oppositional defiant disorder is when the patient has anti-social problems such as aggressiveness, temper tantrums, lying, stealing or being stubborn. Primary disorder of vigilance is when the patient has poor attention and concentration. These children also have trouble staying awake. Children with this disorder tend to be hyperactive in order to keep themselves busy and awake. Mood disorders are more commonly seen in boys diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Bipolar disorder is diagnosed in 25 percent of children with ADHD and they display more aggression and behavioral problems that those with ADHD alone. Anxiety disorder is more common in girls that have been diagnosed with ADHD. Obsessive compulsive disorder is thought to share a genetic component with ADHD as they both exhibit some of the same characteristics. People with obsessive compulsive disorder is when people have repetitive mental thoughts that result in compulsive behaviors such as making sure that all the edges of a piece of paper are not rigid but instead smooth.
One direct cause of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has not been found yet but there are a variety of contributing factors to the development of the condition. Genetic factors include a 75 percent chance that ADHD can develop in twins. Environmental factors include tobacco smoke exposure and alcohol exposure during pregnancy and exposure to lead in the early stages of life. Diet factors include additives such as artificial food coloring. Social factors include relationships with loved ones and other influential people in a person's life. For instance, if a child has a strong relationship with his or her caregiver then that relationship has a profound effect on the development of the child.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders
ADHD commonly manifests in young children, though most of them carry the traits over into adulthood as well. ADHD is also referred to by some people as the "single-synapse" or the "short attention span" problem.
The reasons for this is because ADHD's main characteristics are a marked inability to concentrate on any one thing for very long, accompanied by extremely impulsive behavior where the person doesn't stop to think at all when they get an idea or react to a situation.
One of the most common indicators in a young child of ADHD is that they get bored easily. ADHD actually causes a decrease in the mind's capacity to focus on a single act for very long, so anything repetitive or requiring attention will tax the person's mental endurance far more than it would for a normal person. Kids who avoid homework because it's "boring" or don't want to do chores for the same reason often have ADHD.
ADHD also shows up in what parents call the "My child is a living ball of yippee" problem. It has other similar names, most of which are unprintable in polite company, but I'm sure you get the point. Afflicted children constantly fidget, never stop moving, run/climb/crawl/jump everywhere, seem to have boundless energy and undirected curiosity about anything and everything, and are almost always getting into trouble as a result. This is often accompanied by a total lack of discipline and self-control.
While the above factors are actually present in almost every child ever born in the history of the planet, ADHD is only applicable IF the child doesn't "grow out" of the symptoms. This is the reason why ADHD is referred to as a deficiency-type of disorder; because, while children will display these symptoms early on and then mature later in life, learning self-discipline and focus, ADHD-afflicted children will develop much slower in their abilities to mentally focus and think logically. If your child still retains the same symptoms well after everyone else his or her age has "outgrown" it, then it usually indicates ADHD.
ADHD is present in adults as well, though because this disorder doesn't completely stunt a persons mental development, only slows it in certain areas, all adults will have the same symptoms but in a lesser and more controllable fashion. ADHD is classified as an incurable psychological disorder, though modern methods of therapy are available to help ADHD afflicted children (and their parents!) cope with the effects.
The therapy sessions for the kids are geared towards teaching them to take the boundless energy that often accompanies ADHD and redirect it in a more constructive fashion. The parental therapy sessions teach the parents how to properly address the ADHD problem and teach their kids discipline. The therapy also helps the parents avoid the nervous breakdowns that usually accompany raising a kid with ADHD.
ADHD, is generally regarded as a relatively minor and non-fatal disorder (except maybe for cases when parents want to kill their kids out of sheer frustration and annoyance). The fact of the matter is, any child afflicted with ADHD will eventually learn enough self control to overcome the biggest of it's effects.
However, even in adulthood these people will still retain some semblance of ADHD, manifesting in various ways like absent-mindedness, fickleness, and impulsive behavior. It has also been shown in studies that the traits of ADHD that carry over into adulthood make these same adults more prone than their peers to more serious psychological afflictions like manic-depression or melancholia.
Lastly, on a perverse note, ADHD has been proven to be 100% hereditary. This basically proves the old lines that your parents used to tell you when you were younger, that "Some day, your children will put you through what I'm going through". ADHD can also be triggered in a child whose parents don't have ADHD by various environmental influences like verbal abuse or a mother's ingestion of drugs or alcohol while pregnant.
What are the symptoms of ADHD? ADHD, or the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is a partially neurological, partially psychological problem that crops up in some kids. It's genetically hereditary, but can also be triggered by various social and environmental influences. What ADHD basically does is that the parts of a child's mind and nervous system that deal with control and focus suffer from a slower growth rate than normal, meaning children afflicted by it will learn self control and discipline more slowly than their peers. This fact usually leads to it's own sets of problems that manifest as symptoms you can watch for to see if your child has ADHD. These are given below in terms that any parent will understand.
The perpetual yippee factor; ADHD afflicted kids will have boundless energy, screaming and laughing at the top of their lungs and generally being hyperactive pests that skitter around all over the place in an ecstatic state of whoopee. Trying to get them to sit still for more than a minute will lead to their fussing and fidgeting.
I'm bored mom! - There are two things that an ADHD afflicted kid will be unable to do. One, they will be unable to focus on or pay attention to anything for more than a few minutes at a time, and forget things that you tell them mere minutes after you say it. Two, they will avoid repetitive and monotonous acts (like schoolwork, taking a bath, or mowing the lawn) like the plague.
The plan? What's that? - Kids with ADHD have a very hard time focusing on anything, which also leads to difficulty in arranging their thoughts in a controlled and logical fashion. Trying to teach them anything to do with organization, planning, and forethought is a trial in extreme patience.
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